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-Introduction
-Origin and historical development

-Advantages for firms to customers
-
-Cons
-commerce classes

-Direct-Indirect-De


-business to business business to consumer
consumer to consumer-In-Between

-business and government and government customers include
-FITNESS-Media

payment-acceptance of electronic commerce

-Associations-The customer profile
-sites on the Internet using e-commerce Web

-Ebay-Amazon-Fnac

e-Commerce-Economic concepts
Aragon

-personal-opinion Bibliography

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Contents Introduction Origin and historical development

Electronic Commerce, E-Commerce, Electronic Commerce, EC, e-commerce or ecommerce consists primarily of the distribution, purchase, sale, marketing and provision of information for products or services via computer networks such as Internet or other networks. Now we see three definitions of electronic commerce:
"is the application of advanced information technology to increase efficiency in business relationships between trading partners." (Automotive Action Group in North America)
"The availability of a business vision supported by advanced information technology to improve efficiency and effectiveness within the business process. "(EC Innovation Centre)
" is the use of computer and telecommunications technologies that takes place between companies or between sellers and buyers, to support trade in goods and services. "
Combining these definitions we can say that electronic commerce is a modern business methodology that detects the need for companies, traders and consumers to reduce costs and improve the quality of goods and services and improve delivery time of goods or services. Therefore should not continue watching e-commerce as a technology, but that is the use of technology improve how they conduct business activities. However, electronic commerce can be understood as any form of commercial transaction in which the parties interact electronically rather than the traditional way with physical exchanges or direct physical treatment. Currently, the way of trading is characterized by continuous improvement in procurement processes, and in response to this global business is changing its organization and operations. Electronic commerce is the means to carry out such changes in a global scale, enabling companies to be more efficient and flexible in their internal operations in order to work in a more closely with their suppliers and be more aware of the needs and expectations of its customers. In addition to select the best suppliers regardless of their geographical location in that way can be sold to a global market.
global information networks are transforming the world and bringing more people through innovation in global communications, which allows changes in all spheres of human activity, such as competitiveness, employment and quality of life of nations. With new technology, time and distance are no longer obstacles, the content may be directed to an audience mass or a small group of experts and find a global or merely local. The global information networks like the Internet knows no boundaries.
Internet is a global communication medium, which allows the exchange of information between the 250 million users connected to the network in over 100 countries. Internet offers a unique opportunity, special and critical to organizations of all sizes.
The rapid spread and the great interest in the computer world, has enabled the creation of Internet Technology / Web, a fundamental tool for computer networks and their users. Internet offers a new market that defines the "digital economy." Producers, suppliers of goods / services and manage user access and global transmission of information and entertainment in a simple and economic, whether commercial or social. The opening of markets is essential for rapid growth in the use of new services and the assimilation of new technologies. In practice, companies are beginning to use the Internet as a new sales channel, replacing personal visits, e-mails and telephone orders, as running an online order costs 5% less to do by traditional means. Born then e-commerce as an alternative cost-cutting and a fundamental tool in the performance business.
However, the emergence of electronic commerce clearly forced to rethink many of the traditional trade issues, new problems arise and even exacerbating some existing ones.

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The meaning of the term "electronic commerce" has changed over time. Originally, "electronic commerce" meant the facilitation of commercial transactions electronically, usually using technology like Electronic Data Interchange (EDI, introduced late 70) to electronically send documents such as purchase orders or invoices.
later came to include activities more accurately called "Trade on the Net" - the purchase of goods and services via the World Wide Web via secure servers with electronic purchasing cards and electronic payment services for credit card authorizations.
Over the years there have been various forms or types of trade. In early 1920 in the United States appeared catalog sales, driven by large wholesale stores. This system of selling, revolutionary for its time, is a catalog of photos illustrating the products to sell. This allows better reach people, because there is no need to attract customers to the stores. This allowed the stores to be able to reach customers in rural areas, which at the time that this method development was a large mass of people living in the countryside. In addition, another important point is that potential buyers can choose the products in the comfort of their homes without the assistance or pressure, as the case of a seller. The catalog sales took accelerated with the advent of credit cards in addition to determining a relationship of greater anonymity between you and the seller.
mid 1980, with the help of television, a new form of catalog sales, also called direct sales. Of Thus, the products are shown with more realism, and the dynamics that can be displayed by highlighting its features. Direct selling is realized through a phone and usually with credit card payments.
In early 1970, came the first commercial relationships that used a computer to transmit data. This type of information exchange, without any standard, brought with it improvements in manufacturing processes in the private sector, including companies in the same sector. That's why you tried to set standards for the exchange, which was different with respect to each industry.
Moreover, in the sector public to use these technologies for data exchange stemmed from military activities. In late 1970 the Ministry of Defence of the United States initiated a research program to develop techniques and technologies that enable packages transparently exchange of information between different computer networks.
In 1995 members of the G7/G8 countries the initiative created a global marketplace for SMEs (in English), in order to accelerate the use of e-commerce companies worldwide. During this G8 initiative developed the English portal and virtual library of information on trade in English Global Electronic Commerce Electronic.
Despite the short history of electronic commerce and we can talk about three different stages in the evolution of the software used to operate. 1 .-
began with a simple HTML form.
Not bad for the beginning. A simple form is able to pick up the order and send it via email to the seller. However, when the number of products to sell in excess of three or four it is impossible to present them with their descriptions and the buyer, on the same page.
2 .- The next step was the so-called shopping cart.
The store may have an infinite number of products, each on its own page, and the customer only has to go saying that you want to buy. The system is able to calculate not only the total price but also shipping fees, taxes and currency exchange.
But this is just one of the functions performed by the latest software:
3 .- The third generation presents authentic electronic stores management feature rich and personalized for each client.
No need for programming knowledge and with just your usual browser the owner is able to perform all kinds of merchandise update tasks: add, delete or temporarily hide products change prices, establish competitions, discounts or promotions, take orders safe, easy to work with accounts and inventories, and even manipulate images.
Electronic commerce has now become the main means of buying and selling.

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Business Benefits Improved
distribution. The Web offers certain types of providers to participate in an interactive market, where sales or distribution costs tend to zero. As an example, digital products (software) can be delivered immediately, gradually ending the middlemen. Also Buyers and sellers contact each other directly, thus eliminating restrictions that arise in such interactions. Somehow this situation can reduce marketing channels, enabling efficient distribution to reduce overhead resulting from the uniformity, automation and large-scale integration of management processes. Likewise you can decrease the time it takes to conduct business transactions, increasing business efficiency.
marketing communications. Currently, most companies use the Web to inform customers about the company, apart from their products or services both through internal communications with other companies and customers. However, the interactive nature of the Web offers other benefits leading to develop relationships with customers. This potential for interaction facilitates relations marketing and customer support, to an extent that would have been impossible with traditional media. A Web site is available 24 hours a day in customer demand. The people doing the Web marketers can use to retain customers through asynchronous dialogue happens to the convenience of both parties. This capability offers unprecedented opportunities to fine tune the individual customer communications, facilitate their request as much information as they wish. In addition, it allows those responsible for the marketing area to obtain relevant customer information in order to serve effectively in future trade relations. Simple Web sites to customers involved with buttons to send emails to the company. In other places more sophisticated, customers fill out forms in order to develop an ongoing relationship with the company, which aims to inform both the products and services such as information about the needs that customers have on them. In this way, you get advertising, promotion and customer service measurement. The Web also offers the opportunity to compete on the basis of specialty, rather than by the price, and that from the marketing standpoint, it is rarely desirable to compete solely on the basis of price. Marketing tries to meet the needs of customers based on the benefits they seek, which means that the price depends on the enhancement of the customer, not cost, such opportunities arise when what is offered is different for different marketing elements price, resulting in value-laden benefits, such as the comfort produced by the direct distribution through electronic software distribution. Sales promotions can include coupons, special offers and discounts. The sites connected by links and advertising programs can help in this regard.
The use of color, graphics, animation, photography, typography and white space can increase success in this regard. Webs
personalized purchase suggestions and special offers custom pave the way to replace the personal contact that can be found in a traditional retail outlet.
chat areas, forums, register as a customer loyalty schemes and affinity programs can help.
parallel servers, redundant hardware, security technology failures, encryption of information and firewalls can enhance this requirement. Providing a 360 degree view of the customer relationship, defined as the safety of all employees, suppliers and partners have a global vision and the same consumer. However, consumers may not appreciate the experience of 'big brother'.
This is achieved by dealing with the consumer as part of a great experience, which is seen as synonymous with the brand. Allowing consumers to help themselves. Providing self-help without assistance systems can help in this regard. Operational benefits

. The business use of the Web reduces errors, time and cost overruns in the treatment of information. Suppliers reduce their costs to interactively access the database offers opportunities, send them by the same means, and finally, review the same way the concessions, in addition, it facilitates the creation of new markets and segments, the increase in generating sales advantages, easier to enter new markets, especially in geographically remote, and reach them faster. All this is due to the ability to reach easily and at lower cost to potential customers, eliminating delays between different stages of the threads business. Optimizing business processes, possibly through re-engineering technologies information.
help consumers make the job of consuming. Sellers can provide this support by expanding the comparative information and product searches. Provision of component information and comments from safety and hygiene can help retailers to define the work of the buyer.
Build a solid business model. If this key factor had appeared in textbooks in 2000, many companies 'dot com' would not have broken.
Creating a value chain where one is focused on a number of 'limited' key skills. Electronic stores can appear either as specialists or as generalists if programmed correctly.
operate at or near the limit of technology and staying there as technology continues to change but remember that the fundamental principles of commerce remain indifferent to technology.
Building an organization with enough agility and warning systems to respond quickly to changes in the economic, social and physical development of a business.

Customer Benefits

allows access to more information . The interactive nature of the Web and hypertext environment allow nonlinear deep searches are initiated and controlled by customers, so marketing activities through the Web are more driven by customers than those provided by traditional media.
Facilitates market research and comparison. The Web's ability to collect, analyze and manage large amounts of specialized data allows comparison shopping and accelerates the process of finding items.
cuts costs and prices. With increasing ability of suppliers to compete in an open electronic marketplace there is a drop in costs and prices, in fact that increased competition improves the quality and variety of products and services.
provide customer value. Sellers can get offering a product or a product line that attracts potential customers at a competitive price like that happen in a non-mail.
Providing service and performance. Offering a friendly shopping experience, interactive as could be achieved in a face to face situation.